一篇文章看懂MySQL主从复制与读写分离 |
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2銆佽В鍐抽渶瑕?/h3>瀹㈡埛绔闂唬鐞嗘湇鍔″櫒锛涗唬鐞嗘湇鍔″櫒鍐欏叆鍒颁富鏈嶅姟鍣紱涓绘湇鍔″櫒灏嗗鍒犳敼鍐欏叆鑷繁浜岃繘鍒舵棩蹇楋紱浠庢湇鍔″櫒灏嗕富鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑浜岃繘鍒舵棩蹇楀悓姝ヨ嚦鑷繁涓户鏃ュ織锛涗粠鏈嶅姟鍣ㄩ噸鏀句腑缁ф棩蹇楀埌鏁版嵁搴撲腑锛涘鎴风璇伙紝鍒欎唬鐞嗘湇鍔″櫒鐩存帴璁块棶浠庢湇鍔″櫒锛涢檷浣庤礋杞斤紝璧峰埌璐熻浇鍧囪 浣滅敤銆?/p> 3銆佸噯澶囬樁娈碉紙鍏抽棴闃茬伀澧欏強鎺у埗璁块棶鏈哄埗锛?/h3>
[root@localhost ']# systemctl stop firewalld [root@localhost ']# systemctl disable firewalld [root@localhost ']# setenforce 0 4銆佹惌寤篗ySQL涓讳粠澶嶅埗锛?锛塎ysql涓讳粠鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ椂闂村悓姝ラ厤缃楠?/p> 鈶燤aster 鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.128锛夐厤缃?/p> [root@localhost ']# yum -y install ntp #瀹夎ntp [root@localhost ']# vim /etc/ntp.conf #閰嶇疆ntp #25琛屾坊鍔犱互涓嬪唴瀹? server 127.127.32.0 #璁剧疆鏈湴鏄椂閽熸簮锛屾敞鎰忎慨鏀圭綉娈? fudge 127.127.32.0 stratum 8 #璁剧疆鏃堕棿灞傜骇涓?锛堥檺鍒跺湪15鍐咃級 [root@localhost ']# systemctl restart ntpd #閲嶅惎ntp鏈嶅姟 鈶lave1 鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.133锛夊拰Slave2鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.134锛夐厤缃? [root@localhost ']# yum -y install ntp ntpdate #瀹夎鏈嶅姟锛宯tpdate鐢ㄤ簬鍚屾鏃堕棿 [root@localhost ']# systemctl start ntpd #寮�鍚湇鍔? [root@localhost ']# /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.32.128 #杩涜鏃堕棿鍚屾锛屾寚鍚慚aster鏈嶅姟鍣↖P [root@localhost ']# crontab -e */30 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.32.128 #鍐欏叆璁″垝鎬т换鍔★紝姣忓崐灏忔椂杩涜涓�娆℃椂闂村悓姝?/pre> 锛?锛夐厤缃甅aster 鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.128锛?/p> [root@localhost ']# vim /etc/my.cnf server-id = 1 #娉ㄦ剰id涓嶈兘鐩稿悓 log-bin=master-bin #娣诲姞锛屼富鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ紑鍚簩杩涘埗鏃ュ織 log-slave-updates=true #娣诲姞锛屽厑璁镐粠鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ洿鏂颁簩杩涘埗鏃ュ織 [root@localhost ']# systemctl restart mysqld #閲嶅惎鏈嶅姟浣块厤缃敓鏁? [root@localhost ']# mysql -uroot -p123456 #鐧诲綍鏁版嵁搴撶▼搴? mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'myslave'@'192.168.32.%' identified by '123456'; #缁欎粠鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ巿鏉? mysql> flush privileges; mysql> show master status; #File 鍒楁樉绀烘棩蹇楀悕锛孎osition 鍒楁樉绀哄亸绉婚噺
锛?锛塖lave1 鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.133锛夊拰Slave2鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.134锛夐厤缃?/p> 鈶燬lave1 鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.133锛夐厤缃?/p> [root@localhost ']# vim /etc/my.cnf server-id = 2 #淇敼锛屾敞鎰廼d涓嶮aster鐨勪笉鍚岋紝涓や釜Slave鐨刬d涔熻涓嶅悓 relay-log=relay-log-bin #娣诲姞锛屽紑鍚腑缁ф棩蹇楋紝浠庝富鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鍚屾鏃ュ織鏂囦欢璁板綍鍒版湰鍦? relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index #娣诲姞锛屽畾涔変腑缁ф棩蹇楁枃浠剁殑浣嶇疆鍜屽悕绉? mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.32.128',master_user='myslave',master_password='123456',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=603; #閰嶇疆鍚屾锛屾敞鎰?master_log_file 鍜?master_log_pos 鐨勫�艰涓嶮aster鐨勪竴鑷? mysql> start slave; #鍚姩鍚屾锛屽鏈夋姤閿欐墽琛?reset slave; mysql> show slave statusG #鏌ョ湅 Slave 鐘舵�侊紙纭繚 IO 鍜?SQL 绾跨▼閮芥槸 Yes锛屼唬琛ㄥ悓姝ユ甯革級 Slave_IO_Running: Yes #璐熻矗涓庝富鏈虹殑io閫氫俊 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #璐熻矗鑷繁鐨剆lave mysql杩涚▼
鈶lave2鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.134锛夐厤缃?/p> [root@localhost ']# vim /etc/my.cnf server-id = 3 #淇敼锛屾敞鎰廼d涓嶮aster鐨勪笉鍚岋紝涓や釜Slave鐨刬d涔熻涓嶅悓 relay-log=relay-log-bin #娣诲姞锛屽紑鍚腑缁ф棩蹇楋紝浠庝富鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鍚屾鏃ュ織鏂囦欢璁板綍鍒版湰鍦? relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index #娣诲姞锛屽畾涔変腑缁ф棩蹇楁枃浠剁殑浣嶇疆鍜屽悕绉? mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.32.128',master_user='myslave',master_password='123456',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=603; #閰嶇疆鍚屾锛屾敞鎰?master_log_file 鍜?master_log_pos 鐨勫�艰涓嶮aster鐨勪竴鑷? mysql> start slave; #鍚姩鍚屾锛屽鏈夋姤閿欐墽琛?reset slave; mysql> show slave statusG #鏌ョ湅 Slave 鐘舵�侊紙纭繚 IO 鍜?SQL 绾跨▼閮芥槸 Yes锛屼唬琛ㄥ悓姝ユ甯革級 Slave_IO_Running: Yes #璐熻矗涓庝富鏈虹殑io閫氫俊 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #璐熻矗鑷繁鐨剆lave mysql杩涚▼
涓�鑸?Slave_IO_Running: No 鐨勫彲鑳芥�э細缃戠粶涓嶉�氾紱my.cnf閰嶇疆鏈夐棶棰橈紱瀵嗙爜銆乫ile鏂囦欢鍚嶃�乸os鍋忕Щ閲忎笉瀵癸紱闃茬伀澧欐病鏈夊叧闂�?/p> 锛?锛夐獙璇佷富浠庡鍒舵晥鏋?/p> 鈶犱富鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂杩涘叆鎵ц锛屽垱寤轰竴涓暟鎹簱鍚嶄负鈥渕ysql01鈥?/p>
鈶′袱鍙颁粠鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂楠岃瘉
5銆佹惌寤篗ySQL璇诲啓鍒嗙姝ラ杩欎釜杞欢鑷村姏浜嶮ySQL鐨勫垎甯冨紡鏁版嵁搴撳墠绔唬鐞嗗眰锛屽畠涓昏涓哄簲鐢ㄥ眰璁块棶 MySQL鏃跺厖褰揝QL璺敱锛屽苟鍏锋湁璐熻浇鍧囪 銆侀珮鍙敤鎬с�丼QL 杩囨护銆佽鍐欏垎绂汇�佸彲璺敱鐩稿叧鍒扮洰鏍囨暟鎹簱銆佸彲骞跺彂璇锋眰澶氬彴鏁版嵁搴擄紝閫氳繃 Amoeba 鑳藉瀹屾垚澶氭暟鎹簮鐨勯珮鍙敤銆佽礋杞藉潎琛°�佹暟鎹垏鐗囩殑鍔熻兘銆?/p> 锛?锛堿moeba鏈嶅姟鍣ㄩ厤缃紝瀹夎Java鐜锛堝洜涓篈moeba鍩轰簬鏄痡dk1.5寮�鍙戠殑锛屾墍浠ュ畼鏂规帹鑽愪娇鐢╦dk1.5鎴?.6鐗堟湰锛岄珮鐗堟湰涓嶅缓璁娇鐢ㄣ�傦級 [root@localhost ']# cd /opt/ [root@localhost opt]# ls amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin [root@localhost opt]# cp jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin /usr/local/ [root@localhost opt]# cd /usr/local/ [root@localhost local]# chmod +x jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin [root@localhost local]# ./jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin #鎸変綇Enter閿笉鍔ㄤ竴鐩村埌鏈�涓嬮潰锛屾湁鎻愮ず杈撳叆鈥測es鈥濆洖杞﹀嵆鍙? [root@localhost local]# mv jdk1.6.0_14/ /usr/local/jdk1.6 #杩佺Щ骞舵敼鍚? [root@localhost local]# vim /etc/profile #缂栬緫鍏ㄥ眬閰嶇疆鏂囦欢锛屽湪鏈�鍚庝竴琛屾坊鍔犱互涓嬮厤缃? export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6 #杈撳嚭瀹氫箟Java鐨勫伐浣滅洰褰? export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib #杈撳嚭鎸囧畾鐨刯ava绫诲瀷 export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin/:$PATH:$HOME/bin #灏唈ava鍔犲叆璺緞鐜鍙橀噺 export AMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba #杈撳嚭瀹氫箟amoeba宸ヤ綔鐩綍 export PATH=$PATH:$AMOEBA_HOME/bin #鍔犲叆璺緞鐜鍙橀噺 [root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile #鎵ц淇敼鍚庣殑鍏ㄥ眬閰嶇疆鏂囦欢 [root@localhost local]# java -version #鏌ョ湅java鐗堟湰淇℃伅浠ユ鏌ユ槸鍚﹀畨瑁呮垚鍔?/pre>
锛?锛夊畨瑁呭苟閰嶇疆Amoeba [root@localhost ']# mkdir /usr/local/amoeba [root@localhost ']# tar zxvf /opt/amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/amoeba/ [root@localhost ']# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/amoeba/ [root@localhost ']# /usr/local/amoeba/bin/amoeba #鏄剧ずamoeba start|stop璇存槑瀹夎鎴愬姛 锛?锛夐厤缃瓵mowba鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ鍐欏垎绂伙紝涓や釜slave璇诲啓璐熻浇鍧囪 鈶犲厛鍦∕aster銆丼lave1銆丼lave2鐨刴ysql涓婂紑鏀炬潈闄愮粰Amoeba璁块棶 Master 鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.128锛夈�丼lave1 鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.133锛夊拰Slave2鏈嶅姟鍣紙192.168.32.134锛夐兘閰嶇疆锛?/p> mysql> grant all on *.* to test@'192.168.32.%' identified by '123.com'; 鈶″湪Amoeba鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ腑缂栬緫amoeba.xml閰嶇疆鏂囦欢 [root@localhost ']# cd /usr/local/amoeba/conf/ [root@localhost conf]# cp amoeba.xml amoeba.xml.bak #澶囦唤 [root@localhost conf]# vim amoeba.xml #淇敼amoeba閰嶇疆鏂囦欢 #30琛屼慨鏀? <property name="user">amoeba</property> #32琛屼慨鏀? <property name="password">123123</property> #115琛屼慨鏀? <property name="defaultPool">master</property> #117鍘绘帀娉ㄩ噴 <property name="writePool">master</property> <property name="readPool">slaves</property> 鈶㈢紪杈慸bServers.xml 閰嶇疆鏂囦欢 [root@localhost conf]# cp dbServers.xml dbServers.xml.bak #澶囦唤 [root@localhost conf]# vim dbServers.xml #淇敼鏁版嵁搴撻厤缃枃浠? #23琛屾敞閲婃帀 浣滅敤锛氶粯璁よ繘鍏est搴?浠ラ槻mysql涓病鏈塼est搴撴椂锛屼細鎶ラ敊 <!-- <property name="schema">test</property> --> #26琛屼慨鏀? <property name="user">test</property> #28-30琛屽幓鎺夋敞閲? <!-- mysql password --> <property name="password">123.com</property> #45琛屼慨鏀癸紝璁剧疆涓绘湇鍔″櫒鐨勫悕Master <dbServer name="master" parent="abstractServer"> #48琛屼慨鏀癸紝璁剧疆涓绘湇鍔″櫒鐨勫湴鍧� <property name="ipAddress">192.168.32.128</property> #52琛屼慨鏀癸紝璁剧疆浠庢湇鍔″櫒鐨勫悕slave1 <dbServer name="slave1" parent="abstractServer"> #55琛屼慨鏀癸紝璁剧疆浠庢湇鍔″櫒1鐨勫湴鍧� <property name="ipAddress">192.168.132.133</property> #58琛屽鍒朵笂闈?琛岀矘璐达紝璁剧疆浠庢湇鍔″櫒2鐨勫悕slave2鍜屽湴鍧� <dbServer name="slave2" parent="abstractServer"> <property name="ipAddress">192.168.32.134</property> #65琛屼慨鏀? <dbServer name="slaves" virtual="true"> #71淇敼 <property name="poolNames">slave1,slave2</property> 鈶ｇ‘瀹氶厤缃棤璇悗锛屽彲浠ュ惎鍔?Amoeba 杞欢锛屽叾榛樿绔彛涓?tcp 8066 [root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/amoeba/bin/amoeba start & [root@localhost conf]# netstat -antulp | grep 8066
6銆佹祴璇曟祴璇曡鍐欏垎绂?/h3>锛?锛夊鎴风閰嶇疆 [root@localhost ']# yum install -y mariadb-server mariadb #鐢╕UM蹇�熷畨瑁匨ySQL铏氭嫙瀹㈡埛绔? [root@localhost ']# systemctl start mariadb.service [root@localhost ']# mysql -u amoeba -p123456 -h 192.168.32.135 -P8066 #閫氳繃amoeba鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ唬鐞嗚闂甿ysql 锛屽湪閫氳繃瀹㈡埛绔繛鎺ysql鍚庡啓鍏ョ殑鏁版嵁鍙湁涓绘湇鍔′細璁板綍锛岀劧鍚庡悓姝ョ粰浠?-浠庢湇鍔″櫒 锛?锛夊湪 Master鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鍒涘缓涓�涓〃锛屽悓姝ュ埌涓や釜浠庢湇鍔″櫒涓?/p> mysql> use xm; mysql> create table test (id int(10),name varchar(10),address varchar(20)); 锛?锛夌劧鍚庡叧闂粠鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑 Slave 鍔熻兘锛屼粠涓绘湇鍔″櫒涓婂悓姝ヤ簡琛紝鎵嬪姩鎻掑叆鏁版嵁鍐呭 mysql> stop slave; #鍏抽棴鍚屾 mysql> use xm; 鈶犲湪slave1閰嶇疆
mysql> insert into test values('1','zhangsan','this_is_slave1');
鈶″湪slave2閰嶇疆
mysql> insert into test values('2','lisi','this_is_slave2');
锛?锛夊啀鍥炲埌涓绘湇鍔″櫒涓婃彃鍏ュ叾浠栧唴瀹?/p>
mysql> insert into test values('3','wangwu','this_is_master');
锛?锛夋祴璇曡鎿嶄綔锛屽墠寰�瀹㈡埛绔富鏈烘煡璇㈢粨鏋?/p> mysql> use xm; mysql> select * from test; #瀹㈡埛绔細鍒嗗埆鍚憇lave1鍜宻lave2璇诲彇鏁版嵁锛屾樉绀虹殑鍙湁鍦ㄤ袱涓粠鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂娣诲姞鐨勬暟鎹紝娌℃湁鍦ㄤ富鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂娣诲姞鐨勬暟鎹?/pre> 锛?锛夊湪瀹㈡埛绔笂鎻掑叆涓�鏉¤鍙ワ紝浣嗘槸鍦ㄥ鎴风涓婃煡璇笉鍒帮紝鏈�缁堝彧鏈夊湪 Master 涓婃墠涓婃煡鐪嬪埌杩欐潯璇彞鍐呭锛岃鏄庡啓鎿嶄綔鍦?Master 鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂
mysql>insert into test values('4','kanglong','this_is_client'); #鍙湁涓绘湇鍔″櫒涓婃湁姝ゆ暟鎹?/pre>
锛?锛夊湪涓や釜浠庢湇鍔″櫒涓婃墽琛?start slave; 鍗冲彲瀹炵幇鍚屾鍦ㄤ富鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂娣诲姞鐨勬暟鎹?/p> mysql> start slave; 鎬荤粨1銆佷富浠庡鍒剁殑鍘熺悊锛氫富鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ繘琛屽鍒犳敼鏌ユ暟鎹洿鏂帮紝鎻愪氦浜嬪姟鍚庯紝浼氬啓鍏ュ埌浜岃繘鍒舵枃浠躲�備粠鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑I/O绾跨▼璇锋眰鎺㈡祴涓绘湇鍔″櫒鐨勪簩杩涘埗鏂囦欢锛屾湁鏂扮殑鏁版嵁鏃讹紝涓绘湇鍔″櫒浼氱敤dump绾跨▼灏嗕簩杩涘埗鏂囦欢鍙戦�佺粰浠庢湇鍔/O绾跨▼鍐呭瓨涓紝骞跺啓鍏ュ埌涓户鏃ュ織锛孲QL绾跨▼浼氫睛鍚腑缁ф棩蹇楁枃浠讹紝鏈夋柊鐨勬暟鎹細璇诲彇涓户鏃ュ織鏂囦欢锛屽苟灏嗘暟鎹噸鏀惧埌浠庢湇鍔″櫒鏁版嵁搴撲腑銆?/p> 2銆佷富浠庡鍒剁殑宸ヤ綔杩囩▼鏄熀浜庢棩蹇楋細master浜岃繘鍒舵棩蹇楀拰slave涓户鏃ュ織锛涜姹傛柟寮忥細I/O绾跨▼銆乨ump绾跨▼銆丼QL绾跨▼銆?/p> 3銆佽鍐欏垎绂诲氨鏄彧鍦ㄤ富鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鍐欙紝鍙湪浠庢湇鍔″櫒涓婅銆?/p> 鍒版杩欑瘒鍏充簬MySQL涓讳粠澶嶅埗涓庤鍐欏垎绂荤殑鏂囩珷灏变粙缁嶅埌杩欎簡,鏇村鐩稿叧MySQL涓讳粠澶嶅埗涓庤鍐欏垎绂诲唴瀹硅鎼滅储鑴氭湰涔嬪浠ュ墠鐨勬枃绔犳垨缁х画娴忚涓嬮潰鐨勭浉鍏虫枃绔犲笇鏈涘ぇ瀹朵互鍚庡澶氭敮鎸佽剼鏈箣瀹讹紒 |
