Oracle误删除表数据后的数据恢复详解 |
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本文标签：Oracle,数据恢复 Oracle误删除表数据后的恢复详解 1. undo_retention参数的查询与修改 使用show parameter undo命令查看当前的数据库参数undo_retention设置 。 NAME TYPE VALUE System altered. SQL> show parameter undo NAME TYPE VALUE 2. oracle误删除表数据后的的快速恢复功能方法 2.1 方法一 exec dbms_flashback.enable_at_time(to_date(2011-04-15 08:21:00,yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss)); set serveroutput on DECLARE r_temp hr.job_history%ROWTYPE; CURSOR c_temp IS SELECT * FROM hr.job_history; BEGIN OPEN c_temp; dbms_flashback.disable; LOOP FETCH c_temp INTO r_temp; EXIT WHEN c_temp%NOTFOUND; insert into hr.job_history(EMPLOYEE_ID,JOB_ID,START_DATE,END_DATE) values (r_temp.EMPLOYEE_ID,r_temp.JOB_ID,r_temp.START_DATE,r_temp.END_DATE); commit; END LOOP; CLOSE c_temp; END; 这种办法可以将删除的数据恢复到对应的表中，首先要保证该用户有执行dbms_flashback包的权限 。 2.2 方法二 查看FIRST_CHANGE#,NEXT_CHANGE#,FIRST_TIME 当前的SCN为: 使用应用用户尝试闪回 现有数据: Table created. 选择SCN向前恢复： 尝试多个SCN，获取最佳值（如果能得知具体时间，那么可以获得准确的数据闪回）
SQL> select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn &scn;
Enter value for scn: 12929941968
old 1: select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn &scn
new 1: select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn 12929941968
COUNT(*)
----------
861684
SQL> /
Enter value for scn: 12927633776
old 1: select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn &scn
new 1: select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn 12927633776
select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn 12927633776
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01466: unable to read data - table definition has changed
SQL> /
Enter value for scn: 12929928784
old 1: select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn &scn
new 1: select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn 12929928784
COUNT(*)
----------
825110
SQL> /
Enter value for scn: 12928000000
old 1: select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn &scn
new 1: select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn 12928000000
select count(*) from hs_passport as of scn 12928000000
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01466: unable to read data - table definition has changed
最后选择恢复到SCN为12929941968的时间点 861684 rows created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. 数据恢复简单例子 3. 下面我们通过一个例子来具体说明闪回查询的用法 示例
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> drop user lsf cascade;
User dropped.
SQL> create user lsf identified by lsf;
User created.
SQL> grant connect,resource to lsf;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> grant execute on dbms_flashback to lsf;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> conn lsf/lsf
Connected.
SQL> create table T(id int, name varchar2(20));
Table created.
SQL> insert into T values(1,lsf);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into T values(2,lsf);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into T values(3,lsf);
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select * from T;
ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
1 lsf
2 lsf
3 lsf
SQL> set time on
10:12:50 SQL> delete from T where id=1;
1 row deleted.
10:13:02 SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
10:13:10 SQL> select * from T;
ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
2 lsf
3 lsf
10:13:18 SQL> execute DBMS_FLASHBACK.ENABLE_AT_TIME(to_date(2011-04-15 10:12:50,YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS));
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
10:13:50 SQL> select * from T;
ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
1 lsf
2 lsf
3 lsf
10:13:57 SQL> execute DBMS_FLASHBACK.DISABLE;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
10:15:48 SQL> select * from T;
ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
2 lsf
3 lsf
3.3 使用闪回查询恢复数据
10:16:59 SQL> truncate table T;
Table truncated.
10:18:15 SQL> select * from T;
no rows selected
10:18:22 SQL> insert into T values(1,lsf);
1 row created.
10:19:42 SQL> insert into T values(2,lsf);
1 row created.
10:19:48 SQL> insert into T values(3,lsf);
1 row created.
10:19:55 SQL> insert into T values(4,lsf);
1 row created.
10:20:07 SQL> insert into T values(5,lsf);
1 row created.
10:20:15 SQL> insert into T values(6,lsf);
1 row created.
10:20:21 SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
10:20:26 SQL> select * from T;
ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
1 lsf
2 lsf
3 lsf
4 lsf
5 lsf
6 lsf
6 rows selected.
10:20:56 SQL> delete T;
6 rows deleted.
10:21:27 SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
10:21:40 SQL> declare
10:22:29 2 cursor flash_recover is
10:22:43 3 select * from T;
10:22:50 4 t_recode T%rowtype;
10:23:11 5 begin
10:23:14 6 DBMS_FLASHBACK.ENABLE_AT_TIME(to_date(2011-04-15 10:20:56,YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS));
10:24:22 7 open flash_recover;
10:24:39 8 DBMS_FLASHBACK.DISABLE;
10:24:59 9 loop
10:25:05 10 FETCH flash_recover into t_recode;
10:25:24 11 EXIT WHEN flash_recover%NOTFOUND;
10:25:45 12 insert into T values(t_recode.id,t_recode.name);
10:26:35 13 end loop;
10:26:39 14 CLOSE FLASH_RECOVER;
10:26:50 15 commit;
10:26:56 16 end;
10:26:58 17 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
10:27:00 SQL> select * from T;
ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
1 lsf
2 lsf
3 lsf
4 lsf
5 lsf
6 lsf
6 rows selected.
我们可以已经恢复了所有的6条纪录，但是由于闪回查询的局限性，有可能不能恢复所有的6条记录，原因就在下面 。 4. 局限性
10:27:27 SQL> VARIABLE SCN_SAVE NUMBER;
10:32:47 SQL> EXECUTE :SCN_SAVE := DBMS_FLASHBACK.GET_SYSTEM_CHANGE_NUMBER;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
10:33:24 SQL> print SCN_SAVE;
SCN_SAVE
----------
3438420
10:33:41 SQL> execute DBMS_FLASHBACK.ENABLE_AT_SYSTEM_CHANGE_NUMBER(:SCN_SAVE);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
10:34:31 SQL> select * from T;
ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
1 lsf
2 lsf
3 lsf
4 lsf
5 lsf
6 lsf
6 rows selected.
另外，在使用DBMS_FLASHBACK.ENABLE_AT_TIME前，你必须设定你的NLS_DATE_FORMAT的精确程度，Oracle默认的是精确到天，如果你不设定，像上面的例子你不会得到预期结果 。 |
