Oracle重建索引Shell脚本、SQL脚本分享 |
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索引是提高数据库查询性能的有力武器 。没有索引，就好比图书馆没有图书标签一样，找一本书自己想要的书比登天还难 。然而索引在使用的过程中，尤其是在批量的DML的情形下会产生相应的碎片，以及B树高度会发生相应变化，因此可以对这些变化较大的索引进行重构以提高性能 。N久以前Oracle建议我们定期重建那些高度为4，已删除的索引条目至少占有现有索引条目总数的20%的这些表上的索引 。但Oracle现在强烈建议不要定期重建索引 。具体可以参考文章：Oracle 重建索引的必要性 。尽管如此重建索引还是有必要的，只是不建议定期 。本文给出了重建索引的脚本供大家参考 。 1、重建索引shell脚本
robin@SZDB:'/dba_scripts/custom/bin> more rebuild_unbalanced_indices.sh
# +-------------------------------------------------------+
# + Rebulid unblanced indices |
# + Author : Leshami |
# + Parameter : No |
# +-------------------------------------------------------+
#!/bin/bash
# --------------------
# Define variable
# --------------------
if [ -f '/.bash_profile ]; then
. '/.bash_profile
fi
DT=`date +%Y%m%d`; export DT
RETENTION=1
LOG_DIR=/tmp
LOG=${LOG_DIR}/rebuild_unbalanced_indices_${DT}.log
DBA=Leshami@12306.cn
# ------------------------------------
# Loop all instance in current server
# -------------------------------------
echo "Current date and time is : `/bin/date`">>${LOG}
for db in `ps -ef | grep pmon | grep -v grep |grep -v asm |awk {print $8}|cut -c 10-`
do
echo "$db"
export ORACLE_SID=$db
echo "Current DB is $db" >>${LOG}
echo "===============================================">>${LOG}
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus -S /nolog @/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/sql/rebuild_unbalanced_indices.sql>>${LOG}
done;
echo "End of rebuilding index for all instance at : `/bin/date`">>${LOG}
# -------------------------------------
# Check log file
# -------------------------------------
status=`grep "ORA-" ${LOG}`
if [ -z $status ];then
mail -s "Succeeded rebuilding indices on `hostname` !!!" ${DBA} <${LOG}
else
mail -s "Failed rebuilding indices on `hostname` !!!" ${DBA} <${LOG}
fi
# ------------------------------------------------
# Removing files older than $RETENTION parameter
# ------------------------------------------------
find ${LOG_DIR} -name "rebuild_unb*" -mtime +$RETENTION -exec rm {} \;
exit
2、重建索引调用的SQL脚本
robin@SZDB:'/dba_scripts/custom/sql> more rebuild_unbalanced_indices.sql
conn / as sysdba
set serveroutput on;
DECLARE
resource_busy EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT (resource_busy, -54);
c_max_trial CONSTANT PLS_INTEGER := 10;
c_trial_interval CONSTANT PLS_INTEGER := 1;
pmaxheight CONSTANT INTEGER := 3;
pmaxleafsdeleted CONSTANT INTEGER := 20;
CURSOR csrindexstats
IS
SELECT NAME,
height,
lf_rows AS leafrows,
del_lf_rows AS leafrowsdeleted
FROM index_stats;
vindexstats csrindexstats%ROWTYPE;
CURSOR csrglobalindexes
IS
SELECT owner,index_name, tablespace_name
FROM dba_indexes
WHERE partitioned = NO
AND owner IN (GX_ADMIN);
CURSOR csrlocalindexes
IS
SELECT index_owner,index_name, partition_name, tablespace_name
FROM dba_ind_partitions
WHERE status = USABLE
AND index_owner IN (GX_ADMIN);
trial PLS_INTEGER;
vcount INTEGER := 0;
BEGIN
trial := 0;
/* Global indexes */
FOR vindexrec IN csrglobalindexes
LOOP
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE
analyze index || vindexrec.owner ||.|| vindexrec.index_name || validate structure;
OPEN csrindexstats;
FETCH csrindexstats INTO vindexstats;
IF csrindexstats%FOUND
THEN
IF (vindexstats.height > pmaxheight)
OR ( vindexstats.leafrows > 0
AND vindexstats.leafrowsdeleted > 0
AND (vindexstats.leafrowsdeleted * 100 / vindexstats.leafrows) >
pmaxleafsdeleted)
THEN
vcount := vcount + 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (
Rebuilding index || vindexrec.owner ||.|| vindexrec.index_name || ...);
<<alter_index>>
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE
alter index
|| vindexrec.owner ||.
|| vindexrec.index_name
|| rebuild
|| parallel nologging compute statistics
|| tablespace
|| vindexrec.tablespace_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN resource_busy OR TIMEOUT_ON_RESOURCE
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (
alter index - busy and wait for 1 sec);
DBMS_LOCK.sleep (c_trial_interval);
IF trial <= c_max_trial
THEN
GOTO alter_index;
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (
alter index busy and waited - quit after
|| TO_CHAR (c_max_trial)
|| trials);
RAISE;
END IF;
WHEN OTHERS
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (alter index err || SQLERRM);
RAISE;
END;
END IF;
END IF;
CLOSE csrindexstats;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (Global indices rebuilt: || TO_CHAR (vcount));
vcount := 0;
trial := 0;
/* Local indexes */
FOR vindexrec IN csrlocalindexes
LOOP
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE
analyze index
|| vindexrec.index_owner||.
|| vindexrec.index_name
|| partition (
|| vindexrec.partition_name
|| ) validate structure;
OPEN csrindexstats;
FETCH csrindexstats INTO vindexstats;
IF csrindexstats%FOUND
THEN
IF (vindexstats.height > pmaxheight)
OR ( vindexstats.leafrows > 0
AND vindexstats.leafrowsdeleted > 0
AND (vindexstats.leafrowsdeleted * 100 / vindexstats.leafrows) >
pmaxleafsdeleted)
THEN
vcount := vcount + 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (
Rebuilding index || vindexrec.index_owner||.|| vindexrec.index_name || ...);
<<alter_partitioned_index>>
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE
alter index
|| vindexrec.index_owner||.
|| vindexrec.index_name
|| rebuild
|| partition
|| vindexrec.partition_name
|| parallel nologging compute statistics
|| tablespace
|| vindexrec.tablespace_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN resource_busy OR TIMEOUT_ON_RESOURCE
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (
alter partitioned index - busy and wait for 1 sec);
DBMS_LOCK.sleep (c_trial_interval);
IF trial <= c_max_trial
THEN
GOTO alter_partitioned_index;
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (
alter partitioned index busy and waited - quit after
|| TO_CHAR (c_max_trial)
|| trials);
RAISE;
END IF;
WHEN OTHERS
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (
alter partitioned index err || SQLERRM);
RAISE;
END;
END IF;
END IF;
CLOSE csrindexstats;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (Local indices rebuilt: || TO_CHAR (vcount));
END;
/
exit;
3、输入日志样本 Current date and time is : Sun Apr 20 02:00:02 HKT 2014 Current DB is SYBO2 =============================================== Rebuilding index GX_ADMIN.SYN_OUT_DATA_TBL_PK... Rebuilding index GX_ADMIN.IDX_TDBK_SPLNK_PARENT_REF... Rebuilding index GX_ADMIN.IDX_TDBK_SPLNK_CHILD_REF... Rebuilding index GX_ADMIN.PK_TRADE_BROKER_TBL... Rebuilding index GX_ADMIN.IDX_TDBK_INPUT_DATE... ................ 4、后记 a、如果同一台服务器上有多个实例，且每个实例有相同的schema，此脚本会轮巡所有实例并根据analyze结果来rebuild 。 |
