企业级使用LAMP源码安装教程 |
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LAMP架构（同一台服务器上搭建） 1.lamp介绍lamp，由linux+apache+mysql/mariadb+php/perl/python的一组动态网站或者服务器的开源软件，除linux外其它各部分都是各种独立的程序，经常一起使用，拥有很强的兼容性，共同组成一个强大的web应用程序平台 。 Linux（操作系统），Apache（HTTP服务器），Mysql（mariadb，数据库软件），PHP（perl或python），建立web应用平台 2.web服务工作流程web服务器的资源分为俩种：静态和动态资源静态资源：静态内容，客户端从服务器获得的资源的表达形式与源文件相同 。就是直接储存于文件系统中的资源（.mp3/.mp4/.jpg/.gif） 动态资源：通常是程序文件，需要在服务器执行之后，将执行的结构返回给客户端(.php/.asp/.py/.net) web服务器如何处理客户端的请求
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| 系统平台 | ip | 安装的服务 |
|---|---|---|
| centos/redhat | 192.168.136.145 | httpd-2.4/mysql-5.7/php/php-mysql |
httpd >mysql >php
注意php要求httpd使用prefock MPM安装统一采用lamp方式安装
#redhat源
[root@clq ']# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Stream-
CentOS-Stream-AppStream.repo CentOS-Stream-HighAvailability.repo
CentOS-Stream-BaseOS.repo CentOS-Stream-Media.repo
CentOS-Stream-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Stream-PowerTools.repo
CentOS-Stream-Extras.repo CentOS-Stream-RealTime.repo
#安装epel源
[root@clq ']# yum -y install epel-release
#查看包组
[root@clq ']# yum grouplist
#安装包组
[root@clq ']# dnf -y groups mark install "Development Tools"
#创建apache用户
[root@clq ']# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin apache
#安装依赖包（openssl-devel：加密传输模块）
[root@cb ']# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool gcc gcc-c++ make
#下载安装apr和apr-util和httpd
[root@cb ']# cd /usr/src/
#利用wget下载三包 略
#tar解压包 略
#进入apr包进行修改
[root@cb apr-1.7.0]# vim configure
cfgfile="${ofile}T"
trap "$RM "$cfgfile";exit 1" 1 2 15
$RM "$cfgfile" #此行删掉或注释
#apr编译三步
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
make
make install
#apr-util编译三步
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
make
make install
#httpd编译三步
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24
--enable-so
--enable-ssl
--enable-cgi
--enable-rewrite
--with-zlib
--with-pcre
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/
--enable-modules=most
--enable-mpms-shared=all
--with-mpm=prefork
make
make install
#安装完配置
环境变量：echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/apache.sh
读取：source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
头文件映射：ln -s /usr/local/apache/include /usr/include/httpd
帮助文档：vim /etc/man_db.conf
22 MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/share/man
23 MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man
#取消ServerName前面的注释（警告信息无关紧要）
[root@cb src]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
ServerName
#启动apache
[root@cb src]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@cb src]# systemctl disbles firewalld
[root@cb src]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
[root@cb src]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
#注意删掉系统本身的apache
#编写service文件实现开机自启
#编写httpd.service文件：
vim /etc/systemd/system/httpd.service
文件内俩个具体的路径：
.配置文件路径：/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
.程序文件路径：/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
#系统加载文件：systemctl daemon-reload
#启动systemctl start httpd
#自启动systemctl enable httpd
[root@clq ']# vim /etc/systemd/system httpd.service
[root@clq system]# cat httpd.service
[Unit]
Description=Start httpd
[Service]
Type=simple
EnvironmentFile=/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DFOREGROUND
ExecReload=/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k graceful
ExecStop=/bin/kill -WINCH ${MAINPID}
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#安装依赖包（cmake：编译自动配置工具）
dnf -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
#创建用户
useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
#下载mysql5.7.31包
#解压放到/usr/local下
#改名字方便操作
cd /usr/local
mv mysql5.7.31 mysql
#改属主
chown -R mysql.mysql mysql/
#环境变量
echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
#头文件映射
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql
#库文件
vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
ldconfig #重新读取一下
#帮助文档
vim /etc/man_db.conf
23 MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man
24 MANDATORY_MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man
#创建数据目录
mkdir /opt/data
chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data
#初始化
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data
#编写配置文件
cat >/etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql #安装目录
datadir = /opt/data #数据目录
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock #套接字
user = mysql #用户
port = 3306 #端口号
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid #进程号文件
skip-name-resolve #跳过域名解析
EOF 退出
#编写脚本
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
datadir=/opt/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
#启动mysql
service mysqld start
ss -antl
#安装libncurses.so.5包
yum whatprovides libncurses.so.5
yum -y install ncurses-compat-libs
#修改mysql密码
set password=password('Centos8.0!')
#确保开机自启
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
chkconfig --list
#centos8可yum安装php,php是一门语言，安装7.2版本以上即可 yum -y install php*
#php配置 vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 38 ;listen = /run/php-fpm/www.sock #取消注释 39 listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 #添加此行 65 listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 mkdir -p /data/php #创建php目录 chown -R apache.apache /data/ #改变属主 vim /data/php/index.php #编写index.php文件 <?php phpinfo(); ?> #重新启动systemctl restart php-fpm.service
centos8之前版本 //配置yum源 [root@localhost ']# wget http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm [root@localhost ']# rpm -Uvh remi-release-7.rpm [root@localhost ']# yum makecache --enablerepo=remi-php74 //安装依赖包 [root@localhost ']# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php72-php-mysqlnd 安装过程略.... //下载php [root@localhost ']# cd /usr/src/ [root@localhost src]# wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.8.tar.xz 下载过程略.... //编译安装php [root@localhost src]# tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz [root@localhost src]# cd php-7.2.8 [root@localhost php-7.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-config-file-path=/etc --enable-fpm --enable-inline-optimization --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-shared --enable-soap --with-openssl --enable-bcmath --with-iconv --with-bz2 --enable-calendar --with-curl --enable-exif --enable-ftp --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-gettext --enable-json --enable-mbstring --enable-pdo --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-readline --enable-shmop --enable-simplexml --enable-sockets --enable-zip --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support --with-pear --enable-pcntl --enable-posix [root@localhost php-7.2.8]# make -j $(cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep processor|wc -l) 编译过程略 [root@localhost php-7.2.8]# make install 安装过程略 //安装后配置 [root@localhost ']# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh [root@localhost ']# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh //安装后配置 [root@localhost ']# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh [root@localhost ']# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh [root@localhost php-7.2.8]# which php /usr/local/php7/bin/php [root@localhost php-7.2.8]# php -v PHP 7.2.8 (cli) (built: Aug 16 2018 13:27:30) ( NTS ) Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies //配置php-fpm [root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini [root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm [root@localhost php-7.2.8]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm [root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf [root@localhost php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf //编辑php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）： //配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值： [root@localhost ']# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf ..... ..... pm.max_children = 50 ;最多同时提供50个进程提供50个并发服务 pm.start_servers = 5 ;启动时启动5个进程 pm.min_spare_servers = 2 ;最小空闲进程数 pm.max_spare_servers = 8 ;最大空闲进程数 [root@localhost ']# tail /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf ; file. ; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by: ; - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument) ; - /usr/local/php7 otherwise include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 5 pm.min_spare_servers = 2 pm.max_spare_servers = 8 //启动php-fpm [root@localhost ']# service php-fpm start Starting php-fpm done //默认情况下，fpm监听在127.0.0.1的9000端口，也可以使用如下命令验证其是否已经监听在相应的套接字 [root@localhost ']# ss -antl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* [root@localhost ']# ps -ef|grep php root 81070 1 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf) nobody 81071 81070 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nobody 81072 81070 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nobody 81073 81070 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nobody 81074 81070 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www nobody 81075 81070 0 14:13 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www root 81079 83354 0 14:15 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto php
apache 2.4以后有一个针对FastCGI的实现，模块为mod_proxy_fcgi.so,它其实是作为mod_proxy.so模块的扩展，因此，这俩个模块都要加载，编辑httpd.conf文件，取消两行注释
vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so 或者sed修改 sed -i '/proxy_module/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf sed -i '/proxy_fcgi_module/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
apache yum安装网页的文件路径：/var/www/html
apache 源码安装网页的文件路径：/usr/local/apache/htdocs
配置虚拟主机
在需要使用fcgi的虚拟主机添加俩行：
ProxyRequests Off #关闭正向代理 ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/网页目录/redhat.com/$1 #以上设置是表示把.php结尾的文件发送到php-fpm进程，php-fpm至少需要知道运行的目录和URL，fcgi后面指名了这俩个参数，其它参数被mod——proxy_fcgi.so进行了封装，不需要手动指定 。 #redhat是域名 #$1表示匹配所有以.php结尾的httpd请求
/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf #主配置文件 [root@clq ] vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf #进入主配置文件添加一个虚拟主机配置文件 [root@clq ]vim /etc/httpd24/extra/vhosts.conf #编辑虚拟主机配置文件 <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot "/data/php/" #文件存放路径 ServerName www.clq.com #域名 DirectoryIndex index.php ProxyRequests Off ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/data/php/$1 <Directory "/data/php/"> Options none AllowOverride none Require all granted </Directory> </VirtualHost> [root@clq] vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf 203 ServerName 0.0.0.0.com:80 #修改 261 DirectoryIndex index.php index.html #中间加index.php 399 AddType application/x-httpd-php .php #添加此行 400 AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps #添加此行 488 # 489 Include /etc/httpd24/httpd/extra/vhosts.conf #添加此条 #重启 systemctl restart httpd
下载地址：https://wordpress.org/download/#download-install
#解压该包 [root@clq ']# unzip wordpress-5.7.2.zip #解压的包全部放到/data/php下 [root@clq ']# mv wordpress/* /data/php/
再次访问：
#数据库权限 mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'192.168.136.219' identified by 'huawei@123'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) #创建数据库wordpress mysql> create database wordpress;
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