MySQL延迟关联性能优化方法 |
本文标签:MySQL,延迟关联,性能优化 【背景】 某业务数据库load 报警异常,cpu usr 达到30-40 ,居高不下 。使用工具查看数据库正在执行的sql ,排在前面的大部分是: 复制代码 代码如下: SELECT id, cu_id, name, info, biz_type, gmt_create, gmt_modified,start_time, end_time, market_type, back_leaf_category,item_status,picuture_url FROM relation where biz_type =0 AND end_time >=2014-05-29 ORDER BY id asc LIMIT 149420 ,20; 表的数据量大致有36w左右,该sql是一个非常典型的排序+分页查询:order by col limit N,OFFSET M , MySQL 执行此类sql时需要先扫描到N行,然后再去取 M行 。对于此类大数据量的排序操作,取前面少数几行数据会很快,但是越靠后,sql的性能就会越差,因为N越大,MySQL 需要扫描不需要的数据然后在丢掉,这样耗费大量的时间 。 【分析】 针对limit 优化有很多种方式, 【解决】 根据延迟关联的思路,修改SQL 如下: 优化前 复制代码 代码如下: root@xxx 12:33:48>explain SELECT id, cu_id, name, info, biz_type, gmt_create, gmt_modified,start_time, end_time, market_type, back_leaf_category,item_status,picuture_url FROM relation where biz_type =\0\ AND end_time >=\2014-05-29\ ORDER BY id asc LIMIT 149420 ,20; +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+-------------+---------+------+--------+-----------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+-------------+---------+------+--------+-----------------------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | relation | range | ind_endtime | ind_endtime | 9 | NULL | 349622 | Using where; Using filesort | +----+-------------+-------------+-------+---------------+-------------+---------+------+--------+-----------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 其执行时间: 优化后: 复制代码 代码如下: SELECT a.* FROM relation a, (select id from relation where biz_type =0 AND end_time >=2014-05-29 ORDER BY id asc LIMIT 149420 ,20 ) b where a.id=b.id 复制代码 代码如下: root@xxx 12:33:43>explain SELECT a.* FROM relation a, (select id from relation where biz_type =0 AND end_time >=2014-05-29 ORDER BY id asc LIMIT 149420 ,20 ) b where a.id=b.id; +----+-------------+-------------+--------+---------------+---------+---------+------+--------+-------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------------+--------+---------------+---------+---------+------+--------+-------+ | 1 | PRIMARY | <derived2> | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 20 | | | 1 | PRIMARY | a | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 8 | b.id | 1 | | | 2 | DERIVED | relation | index | ind_endtime | PRIMARY | 8 | NULL | 733552 | | +----+-------------+-------------+--------+---------------+---------+---------+------+--------+-------+ 3 rows in set (0.36 sec) 执行时间: 优化后 执行时间 为原来的1/3 。 |