解析SQL 表结构信息查询 含主外键、自增长 |
本文标签:表结构信息查询,含主外键,自增长 最近项目需要做什么数据字典,需要表结构信息 。在网上看了许多关于表结构信息的查询,感觉都不怎么样 。相对好一点就是《基于SQL2005 SQL2008 表结构信息查询升级版的详解(含外键信息)》 ,但是这里有一点小问题,缺少一个过滤以致运行有一点小bug 。在AdventureWorks2012数据库中的Address表查询结果如图: ![]() 在查询过滤中我们添加以下信息就ok了: AND g.class_desc = OBJECT_OR_COLUMN 修改后的SQL如下: 复制代码 代码如下: SELECT 表名 = CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.name ELSE END , 表说明 = CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN ISNULL(f.value, ) ELSE END , 字段序号 = a.colorder , 字段名 = a.name , 标识 = CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, IsIdentity) = 1 THEN √ ELSE END , 主键 = CASE WHEN EXISTS ( SELECT 1 FROM dbo.sysindexes si INNER JOIN dbo.sysindexkeys sik ON si.id = sik.id AND si.indid = sik.indid INNER JOIN dbo.syscolumns sc ON sc.id = sik.id AND sc.colid = sik.colid INNER JOIN dbo.sysobjects so ON so.name = so.name AND so.xtype = PK WHERE sc.id = a.id AND sc.colid = a.colid ) THEN √ ELSE END , 外键 = CASE WHEN tony.fkey IS NOT NULL AND tony.fkey = a.colid THEN √ ELSE END , 外键表 = CASE WHEN tony.fkey IS NOT NULL AND tony.fkey = a.colid THEN OBJECT_NAME(tony.fkeyid) ELSE END , 外键字段 = CASE WHEN tony.fkey IS NOT NULL AND tony.fkey = a.colid THEN ( SELECT name FROM syscolumns WHERE colid = tony.fkey AND id = tony.fkeyid ) ELSE END , 类型 = b.name , 长度 = a.length , 精度 = COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, PRECISION) , 小数位数 = ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id, a.name, Scale), 0) , 允许空 = CASE WHEN a.isnullable = 1 THEN √ ELSE END , 默认值 = ISNULL(e.text, ) , 字段说明 = ISNULL(g.[value], ) , 创建时间 = d.crdate , 更改时间 = CASE WHEN a.colorder = 1 THEN d.refdate ELSE NULL END FROM dbo.syscolumns a LEFT JOIN dbo.systypes b ON a.xtype = b.xusertype INNER JOIN dbo.sysobjects d ON a.id = d.id AND d.xtype = U AND d.status >= 0 LEFT JOIN dbo.syscomments e ON a.cdefault = e.id LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties g ON a.id = g.major_id AND a.colid = g.minor_id AND g.class_desc = OBJECT_OR_COLUMN LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties f ON d.id = f.major_id AND f.minor_id = 0 LEFT JOIN sysobjects htl ON htl.parent_obj = d.id AND htl.xtype = F LEFT JOIN sysforeignkeys tony ON htl.id = tony.constid WHERE d.name = Address --这里输入包含表名称的条件 ORDER BY d.id , a.colorder 运行结果如图: ![]() 我不怎么喜欢它的“类型”信息,一般的varchar都会有长度信息,还有这个查询对于SQL 2012的新数据类型不支持,该SQL里面的嵌套查询比较多,于是我就自己重新写了一个SQL 。 这里提醒大家尽量用INFORMATION_SCHEMA.XXX视图而不去用sys.XXX视图 。 新的SQL如下: 复制代码 代码如下: SELECT --OBJECT_ID(a.TABLE_SCHEMA + . + a.TABLE_NAME) AS [object_id] , CASE WHEN a.ORDINAL_POSITION = 1 THEN a.TABLE_SCHEMA + . + a.TABLE_NAME ELSE END AS TABLE_NAME , CASE WHEN ( a.ORDINAL_POSITION = 1 AND p1.value IS NOT NULL ) THEN p1.value ELSE END AS TABLE_Description , a.COLUMN_NAME , CASE WHEN ( ( CHARINDEX(char, a.DATA_TYPE) > 0 OR CHARINDEX(binary, a.DATA_TYPE) > 0 ) AND a.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH <> -1 ) THEN a.DATA_TYPE + ( + CAST(a.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH AS VARCHAR(4)) + ) WHEN ( ( CHARINDEX(CHAR, a.DATA_TYPE) > 0 OR CHARINDEX(binary, a.DATA_TYPE) > 0 ) AND a.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH = -1 ) THEN a.DATA_TYPE + (max) WHEN ( CHARINDEX(numeric, a.DATA_TYPE) > 0 ) THEN a.DATA_TYPE + ( + CAST(a.NUMERIC_PRECISION AS VARCHAR(4)) + , + CAST(a.NUMERIC_SCALE AS VARCHAR(4)) + ) ELSE a.DATA_TYPE END AS COLUMN_TYPE , CASE WHEN c.IS_IDENTITY = 1 THEN YES ELSE NO END AS IS_IDENTITY , a.IS_NULLABLE , CASE WHEN a.COLUMN_DEFAULT IS NULL THEN ELSE a.COLUMN_DEFAULT END AS Default_Value , CASE WHEN p.value IS NULL THEN ELSE p.value END AS [COLUMN_Description] , CASE WHEN o.name IS NULL THEN ELSE √ END AS Is_PrimaryKey , CASE WHEN f.parent_column_id IS NULL THEN ELSE √ END AS Is_Foreignkeys , CASE WHEN referenced_object_id IS NULL THEN ELSE OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) END AS Foreign_Table , CASE WHEN referenced_object_id IS NULL THEN ELSE ( SELECT name FROM sys.columns WHERE object_id = f.referenced_object_id AND column_id = f.referenced_column_id ) END AS Foreign_key FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS a INNER JOIN sys.columns c ON OBJECT_ID(a.TABLE_SCHEMA + . + a.TABLE_NAME) = c.OBJECT_ID AND a.COLUMN_NAME = c.NAME LEFT JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE b ON a.TABLE_SCHEMA = b.TABLE_SCHEMA AND a.TABLE_NAME = b.TABLE_NAME AND a.COLUMN_NAME = b.COLUMN_NAME LEFT JOIN sys.sysobjects o ON o.name = b.CONSTRAINT_NAME AND o.xtype = PK LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties p ON OBJECT_ID(a.TABLE_SCHEMA + . + a.TABLE_NAME) = p.major_id AND a.Ordinal_position = p.minor_id AND p.class_desc = OBJECT_OR_COLUMN LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties p1 ON OBJECT_ID(a.TABLE_SCHEMA + . + a.TABLE_NAME) = p1.major_id AND p1.minor_id = 0 LEFT JOIN SYS.foreign_key_columns f ON OBJECT_ID(a.TABLE_SCHEMA + . + a.TABLE_NAME) = f.parent_object_id AND a.ORDINAL_POSITION = f.parent_column_id WHERE a.TABLE_NAME = Address -- a.TABLE_NAME IN (SELECT name FROM sys.tables) ORDER BY a.TABLE_SCHEMA,a.TABLE_NAME, a.ORDINAL_POSITION 运行效果如图: ![]() 有不对的地方还请大家拍砖!谢谢! |